Five levels of Maslows Hierachy of needs
(i) Physiological needs
These are biological needs which consist of the need for oxygen, food, water, and a relatively constant body temperature. They are the strongest needs because if a person were deprived of all needs, it is these physiological ones that would come first in the person's search for satisfaction (Jerome,2013).
(ii) Safety needs
When all physiological needs are met and are no longer controlling thoughts and behaviors, the needs for security can become active. While adults have little awareness of their security needs except in times of emergency or periods of disorganization in the social structure (such as widespread rioting), children often display the signs of insecurity and the need to be safe (Jerome,2013).
(iii) Needs for love, affection and belongingness
When the needs for safety and for physiological well-being are satisfied, the next class of needs for love, affection and belongingness can emerge. Maslow states that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. This involves both giving and receiving love, affection and the sense of belonging (Jerome,2013).
(iv) Needs for esteem
When the first three classes of needs are satisfied, the needs for esteem can become dominant. These involve needs for both self-esteem and for the esteem a person gets from others. Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level of self-respect, and respect from others. When these needs are satisfied, the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world. When these needs are frustrated, the person feels inferior, weak, helpless and worthless (Jerome,2013).
(v) Needs for self-actualization
When all of the foregoing needs are satisfied, then and only then are the needs for self-actualization activated. Maslow describes self-actualization as a person's need to be and do that which the person was "born to do." "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, and a poet must write." These needs make themselves felt in signs of restlessness. The person feels on edge, tense, lacking something, in short, restless. If a person is hungry, unsafe, not loved or accepted, or lacking self-esteem, it is very easy to know what the person is restless about. However, it is not always clear what a person wants when there is a need for self-actualization (Jerome,2013).
Maslow’s needs hierarchy has an intuitive appeal and has been very popular. But it has not been verified by empirical research such as that conducted by Wahba and Bridwell (1979), and it has been criticized for its apparent rigidity – different people may have different priorities and the underpinning assumption. that everyone has the same needs is invalid. It is difficult to accept that needs progress steadily up the hierarchy and Maslow himself expressed doubts about the validity of a strictly ordered hierarchy. But he did emphasize that the higher-order needs are more significant. Focuses attention on the various needs that motivate people and the notion that a satisfied need is no longer a motivator. The concept of a hierarchy has no practical significance (Armstrong,2014).
References :
Gans, (2018) The Five Levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs by Kendra Cherry, a review of How Maslow's Famous Hierarchy Explains Human Motivation.
Gawel, J. (1997). Herzberg's theory of motivation and Maslow's hierarchy of need. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, A peer reviewed electronic journal ,5(1531-7714).
Gawel, j. (1997). Herzberg's theory of motivation and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. [online] pareonline.net. Available at: https ://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v =5&n=11&iforg_highlight= Computer [Accessed 7 Oct. 2018].
Hi Niroshani , you have well communicated about the Maslows hierarchy and if i further add to that , the need for love, friendship, and intimacy become important. Further up the pyramid, the need for personal esteem and feelings of accomplishment take priority. Maslow emphasized the importance of self-actualization, which is a process of growing and developing as a person in order to achieve individual potential ( Gans,2018).
ReplyDeleteThank you for your comment Ajantha,Yes me too agree with you,Regardless of these criticisms, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs represents part of an important shift in psychology. Rather than focusing on abnormal behavior and development, Maslow's humanistic psychology was focused on the development of healthy individuals. While there was relatively little research -supporting the theory, the hierarchy of needs is well-known and popular both in and out of psychology(Gans,2018).
DeleteHi Maheshika,
ReplyDeleteInteresting blog on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As we know each and every person has these needs more or less in his life. But we can’t exactly say particular level of employees at the organization have certain needs. This is the one of criticism with Maslow’s need theory. Cianci and Gambrel (2003) have criticized the Hierarchy of needs as too simplistic and suggest that it does not account for societal needs at a particular time, such as recession and war. Also studies such as those by Tay and Diener (2011) have demonstrated that the ranking of needs varies with age and does not appear to be the same across all age groups.
Maslow's Hierachy of needs shows the needs where an individual want to satisfy when climbing the ladder from bottom level to top level. Here ,mostly the security and love,careness,belonginess need with lower and middle level people and the esteem and self actualized need with the management level employees who are looking for recognition to be motivated.When the needs at the bottom three levels have been satisfied, the esteem needs begin to play a more prominent role in motivating behavior. At this point, it becomes increasingly important to gain the respect and appreciation of others. People have a need to accomplish things and then have their efforts recognized. In addition to the need for feelings of accomplishment and prestige, the esteem needs include such things as self-esteem and personal worth. People need to sense that they are valued and by others and feel that they are contributing to the world. (Gans,2018)
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